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The first crusade started in the year 1096 and ended in 1099. It was a military mission by the Catholic in Europe to recover the Holy lands taken by Muslims. Pope Urban II launched the conquest who wanted to respond to an appeal made by Byzantine [url=http://www.mquin.com/giuseppezanotti.php]giuseppe zanotti sneakers[/url] Emperor Alexios I, who asked for western aid to help him resist the Seljuk Turks invasion. The Holy Land belonged to Roman Empire, and hence the Byzantine Empire, until the Islamic conquest which drove Byzantines out of the land. However, the Muslims allowed Christians to visit their sacred places until 1071 when Seljuk Turks came in claiming to defend the Byzantines. Seljuk [url=http://www.ilyav.com/uggpascher.php]boots ugg pas cher[/url] Turks conquered Jerusalem the same year from Egyptian Fatimid. After the conquest, they became unfriendly to Christian pilgrims subjecting them to harassments. This made Alexius I, the Byzantine Emperor, to call for help from Western Europe. The second goal was to rescue Jerusalem and the Holy Land from Islamic rule, which became the main objective of the crusade (Helibrium Timeline [url=http://www.sandvikfw.net/shopuk.php]hollister outlet sale[/url] of Art History).
Peasants and knights from Western Europe travelled by sea and over land to Jerusalem. Peasants were more than the knights during the crusade. There [url=http://www.vivid-host.com/barbour.htm]www.vivid-host.com/barbour.htm[/url] was a division of the crusaders into different armies. Unfortunately, the peasants [url=http://www.sandvikfw.net/shopuk.php]hollister sale[/url] army did not reach Jerusalem because the peasants less trained in combat than the knights. However, the knights reached Jerusalem and initiated an assault on it, capturing it in July 1099. During the process, of rescuing Jerusalem, there was a massacre of many Muslims and Jews in the city. They established the crusaders states of Jerusalem, principality of [url=http://www.mansmanifesto.fr]doudoune moncler homme[/url] Antioch, County of Tripoli [url=http://www.1855sacramento.com/peuterey.php]peuterey outlet[/url] and county of Edessa. The [url=http://www.mxitcms.com/tiffany/]tiffany outlet[/url] crusaders refused to return their respective countries, but instead established their states after conquer. This conquest remains controversial as either aggressive or defensive because instead of rescuing the city and giving it back to Christians, the crusaders decided to dominate it. The first crusade being [url=http://www.1855sacramento.com/moncler.php]moncler sito ufficiale[/url] a response by Christians to Muslim conquests, followed by other eight crusades (Runciman 35)
Effects of Crusades on Christianity
The crusades had more effect on the people who launched them than on the people who they were attacking. Contrasting the popular belief creating fear, crusades did not create Christian fear of Muslims. Christians regarded Muslims as a threat to Christianity even before the commencement of crusades. The crusades only proved these ideas about Muslims [url=http://www.vivid-host.com/barbour.htm]barbour uk[/url] being true. Crusades discouraged trade practice between Muslims and Christians. This is evident because the papacy made threats of excommunication from trade to merchants who traded with Muslims. Theses trade threats had little effects because later, people started to trade with Muslims. Although the crusades were not a success, it changed the lives [url=http://www.maximoupgrade.com/hot.php]hollister[/url] of many Christians. There was economic growth and exchange of ideas between the Muslims and the crusaders.
Modern Christianity does not consider crusades as crucial due to modern beliefs towards war and religion. They believe that religion is not a cause of violence. The crusades bring shame to modern Christians for they see it as the dark side of Christianity history. Many anti- Christian believers cite the crusades as a proof against Christianity. For this reason, crusades are not significant in modern Christianity. Therefore, they promoted trade between Asia and Europe. Politics also changed in Europe. Following the death of many knights and nobles during the process of the crusades, many kings increased their power. The crusades had long impacts on the relationship among people. Crusaders attack on Jews made Jews not to trust Christianity. Tension increased between Byzantines and Western Christians particularly after the crusaders attack at Constantinople.
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